ASTM E384-2010e2 材料的Knoop和Vickers硬度的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforKnoopandVickersHardnessofMaterials
【原文标准名称】:材料的Knoop和Vickers硬度的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME384-2010e2
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E04.05
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:hardness;indentation;Knoop;microindentation;macroindentation;Vickers;Abb´e-Nelsonillumination;Calibration--metals/alloysanalysisinstrumentation;Hardness(indentation)--microhardness;Indentergeometry;Knoophardness(HK)number;Kohleri
【摘要】:4.1Hardnesstestshavebeenfoundtobeveryusefulformaterialsevaluation,qualitycontrolofmanufacturingprocessesandresearchanddevelopmentefforts.Hardness,althoughempiricalinnature,canbecorrelatedtotensilestrengthformanymetals,andisanindicatorofwearresistanceandductility.4.2Microindentationhardnesstestsextendtestingtomaterialsthataretoothinortoosmallformacroindentationhardnesstests.Microindentationhardnesstestsalsoallowspecificphasesorconstituentsandregionsorgradientstoosmallformacroindentationhardnesstestingtobeevaluated.4.3BecausetheKnoopandVickershardnesswillrevealhardnessvariationsthatmayexistwithinamaterial,asingletestvaluemaynotberepresentativeofthebulkhardness.TheVickersindenterusuallyproducesageometricallysimilarindentationatalltestforces.Exceptfortestsatverylowforcesthatproduceindentationswithdiagonalssmallerthanabout25x03BC;m,thehardnessnumberwillbeessentiallythesameasproducedbyVickersmachineswithtestforcesgreaterthan1kgf,aslongasthematerialbeingtestedisreasonablyhomogeneous.Forisotropicmaterials,thetwodiagonalsofaVickersindentationareequalinsize.RecommendationsforlowforcemicroindentationtestingcanbefoundinAppendixX5.TheKnoopindenterdoesnotproduceageometricallysimilarindentationasafunctionoftestforce.Consequently,theKnoophardnesswillvarywithtestforce.Duetoitsrhombicshape,theindentationdepthisshallowerforaKnoopindentationcomparedtoaVickersindentationunderidenticaltestconditions.ThetwodiagonalsofaKnoopindentationaremarkedlydifferent.Ideally,thelongdiagonalis7.114timeslongerthantheshortdiagonal,butthisratioisinfluencedbyelasticrecovery.Thus,theKnoopindenterisveryusefulforevaluatinghardnessgradientsorthincoatingsofsectionedsamples.1.1ThistestmethodcoversdeterminationoftheKnoopandVickershardnessofmaterials,theverificationofKnoopandVickershardnesstestingmachines,andthecalibrationofstandardizedKnoopandVickerstestblocks.1.2ThistestmethodcoversKnoopandVickershardnesstestsmadeutilizingtestforcesinmicro(9.807x00D7;10-3to9.807N)(1to1000gf)andmacro(>9.807to1176.68N)(>1to120kgf)ranges.Note18212;Previousversionsofthisstandardlimitedtestforcesto9.807N(1kgf).1.3ThistestmethodincludesalloftherequirementstoperformmacroVickershardnesstestsaspreviouslydefinedinTestMethodE92,StandardTestMethodforVickersHardnessTesting.1.4ThistestmethodincludesananalysisofthepossiblesourcesoferrorsthatcanoccurduringKnoopandVickerstestingandhowthesefactorsaffecttheaccuracy,repeatability,andreproducibilityoftestresults.Note28212;WhileCommitteeE04isprimarilyconcernedwithmetals,thetestproceduresdescribedareapplicabletoothermaterials.1.5Units8212;WhenKnoopandVickershardnesstestsweredeveloped,theforcelevelswerespecifiedinunitsofgrams-force(gf)andkilograms-force(kgf).ThisstandardspecifiestheunitsofforceandlengthintheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI);thatis,forceinNewtons(N)andlengthinmmorx03BC;m.However,becauseofthehistoricalprecedentandcontinuedcommonusage,forcevaluesingfandkgfunitsareprovidedforinformationandmuchofthediscussioninthisstandardaswellasthemethodo......
【中国标准分类号】:A42
【国际标准分类号】:19_060
【页数】:42P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语